#copyright 2025 Christian Koechli tous droits réservés #vu la qualité du code, c'est de toute façon mieux de ne pas l'utiliser ailleurs... import tkinter as tk from tkinter import ttk import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg # Fenêtre principale root = tk.Tk() root.title("Phaseurs complexes (somme vectorielle)") # Variables constantes modifiables R_s_var = tk.DoubleVar(value=0.5) L_s_var = tk.DoubleVar(value=0.001) k_e_var = tk.DoubleVar(value=0.03) p = 2 Imax = 10.0 Umax = 12.0 R_s_old = -1.0 L_s_old = -1.0 k_e_old = -1.0 # Figure matplotlib from matplotlib import gridspec fig = plt.figure(figsize=(10, 5)) gs = gridspec.GridSpec(1, 2, width_ratios=[1, 1]) ax = fig.add_subplot(gs[0]) # Phaseurs ax2 = fig.add_subplot(gs[1]) # Couple moteur canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(fig, master=root) canvas.get_tk_widget().grid(row=0, column=2, rowspan=10, padx=10, pady=10) def dessiner_phaseurs(I1_mag, psi_deg, Omega): global R_s_old, L_s_old, k_e_old #on doit déclarer les globals si on les modifie uniquement (pfff...) global M_valsU, M_valsOpt #en plus, il y a pas de variables locales static R_s = R_s_var.get() L_s = L_s_var.get() k_e = k_e_var.get() ax.clear() psi_rad = np.radians(psi_deg) I1 = I1_mag * np.exp(1j * psi_rad) omega = p * Omega # Vecteurs U_e = k_e * Omega U_R = R_s * I1 U_L = 1j * omega * L_s * I1 U1 = U_e + U_R + U_L # Position en chaîne origin = 0 Ue_end = origin + U_e UR_end = Ue_end + U_R UL_end = UR_end + U_L def draw_vector(start, vec, label, color,xt,yt): end = start + vec ax.annotate("", xy=(end.imag, end.real), xytext=(start.imag, start.real), arrowprops=dict(arrowstyle="->", color=color, lw=2), ) ax.text(end.imag + xt, end.real + yt, label, color=color, fontsize=9) draw_vector(0, U_e, 'Ui', 'green',-0.5,0) draw_vector(Ue_end, U_R, 'UR', 'magenta',-0.5,0) draw_vector(UR_end, U_L, 'UL', 'blue',-0.5,0.5) draw_vector(0, U1, 'U1', 'black',2,-0.5) draw_vector(0, I1, 'I1', 'red',-0.5,-0.5) # Cercle de contrainte de tension à UmaxV cercle = plt.Circle((0, 0), Umax, color='red', fill=False, linestyle='--', linewidth=1.5, label='Limite U') ax.add_patch(cercle) # Axes et échelle ax.axhline(0, color='gray', lw=0.5) ax.axvline(0, color='gray', lw=0.5) ax.set_xlim(15, -15) # inverser l'axe Re ax.set_ylim(-15, 15) ax.set_xlabel('Re') ax.set_ylabel('Im') ax.set_title('Phaseurs complexes') ax.set_aspect('equal') ax.grid(True) ax.legend(loc="upper right") canvas.draw() # ------------- GRAPHE 2 : COURBE DE COUPLE ---------------- ax2.clear() Omega_vals = np.linspace(0, 500, 300) R_s = R_s_var.get() L_s = L_s_var.get() I1_abs = I1_mag psi_rad = np.radians(psi_deg_var.get()) cos_psi = np.cos(psi_rad) M_lim_I = 1.5 * k_e * Imax if ((R_s != R_s_old) or (L_s != L_s_old) or (k_e != k_e_old)): M_valsU = [] M_valsOpt = [] for Omega_i in Omega_vals: omega_i = p * Omega_i Z_s = np.sqrt(R_s**2 + (omega_i * L_s)**2) phi_s = np.arctan2(omega_i * L_s, R_s) M = 1.5 * k_e / Z_s * (Umax - k_e * Omega_i * np.cos(phi_s)) M = max(M, 0) # ne pas descendre sous 0 M = min(M , M_lim_I) #ne pas dépasser la limite M_valsU.append(M) if (k_e * Omega_i < Umax): epsilon_opt = np.acos(k_e*Omega_i*(omega_i*L_s/(Z_s*Umax)))-np.arctan2(R_s,omega_i * L_s) M = 1.5 * k_e / Z_s * (Umax*np.cos(phi_s-epsilon_opt) - k_e * Omega_i * np.cos(phi_s)) else: M = 0 M = max(M, 0) # ne pas descendre sous 0 M = min(M , M_lim_I) #ne pas dépasser la limite M_valsOpt.append(M) M_valsU = np.array(M_valsU) M_valsOpt = np.array(M_valsOpt) R_s_old = R_s L_s_old = L_s k_e_old = k_e # Calcul du point actuel omega = p * Omega Z_s = np.sqrt(R_s**2 + (omega * L_s)**2) phi_s = np.arctan2(omega * L_s, R_s) M_actuel = 1.5 * k_e * I1_abs * cos_psi # Tracé ax2.plot(Omega_vals, M_valsU, label="M_max(Ω)", color='red') ax2.plot(Omega_vals, M_valsOpt, label="M_opt(Ω)", color='orange') ax2.plot(Omega, M_actuel, 'bo', markersize=10, label="Point actuel") ax2.set_xlabel("Ω (rad/s)") ax2.set_ylabel("Couple M (Nm)") ax2.set_title("Point de fonctionnement du moteur") ax2.grid(True) ax2.set_ylim(0, M_lim_I * 1.2) ax2.legend() # Curseurs dynamiques I1_mag_var = tk.DoubleVar(value=5.0) psi_deg_var = tk.DoubleVar(value=0.0) Omega_var = tk.DoubleVar(value=200.0) def update_plot(event=None): dessiner_phaseurs(I1_mag_var.get(), psi_deg_var.get(), Omega_var.get()) label_I1.config(text=f"|Î₁| = {I1_mag_var.get():.2f}") label_psi.config(text=f"Ψ = {psi_deg_var.get():.1f}°") label_omega.config(text=f"Ω = {Omega_var.get():.1f}") # Paramètres constants ttk.Label(root, text="Paramètres").grid(row=0, column=0, columnspan=2) ttk.Label(root, text="R_s").grid(row=1, column=0, sticky="e") ttk.Entry(root, textvariable=R_s_var, width=6).grid(row=1, column=1) ttk.Label(root, text="L_s").grid(row=2, column=0, sticky="e") ttk.Entry(root, textvariable=L_s_var, width=6).grid(row=2, column=1) ttk.Label(root, text="k_e").grid(row=3, column=0, sticky="e") ttk.Entry(root, textvariable=k_e_var, width=6).grid(row=3, column=1) # Curseurs avec étiquettes dynamiques label_I1 = ttk.Label(root, text="Î₁") label_I1.grid(row=4, column=0, columnspan=2) scale_I1 = ttk.Scale(root, from_=0.0, to=Imax, orient='horizontal', variable=I1_mag_var, command=update_plot) scale_I1.grid(row=5, column=0, columnspan=2) label_psi = ttk.Label(root, text="Ψ") label_psi.grid(row=6, column=0, columnspan=2) scale_psi = ttk.Scale(root, from_=0, to=180, orient='horizontal', variable=psi_deg_var, command=update_plot) scale_psi.grid(row=7, column=0, columnspan=2) label_omega = ttk.Label(root, text="Ω") label_omega.grid(row=8, column=0, columnspan=2) scale_omega = ttk.Scale(root, from_=0.0, to=500.0, orient='horizontal', variable=Omega_var, command=update_plot) scale_omega.grid(row=9, column=0, columnspan=2) # Réaction aux changements des constantes for var in [R_s_var, L_s_var, k_e_var]: var.trace_add('write', lambda *args: update_plot()) # Affichage initial update_plot() root.mainloop()